Diabetes and Blood Sugar Control

by Ramon Gell
http://www.medexpressrx.com/

Diabetes is caused due to increase in the glucose level in blood. Glucose is essential for our health as it helps in the formation of muscle cells and is vital for brain functions. Diabetes is segregated into two main types; type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. In addition, there is prediabetes and gestational diabetes. If not attended, all of these lead to harmful consequences like amputations, heart problems and even death.

There are many are causes of Diabetes such as reduction in the insulin cells in pancreas as well as the presence of autoantibodies which are cells that hamper the immune system.

Symptoms of Diabetes:

Diabetes symptoms vary as per the level of sugar in blood; some may be nondescript while others can be seen quickly.

Some of the common symptoms of Diabetes are as follows:

Increase in thirst
Dizziness
Frequent urination
Excess hunger
Sores that do not heal fast
Loss of weight
Blurring of vision
Ketones are found in urine which is due to lack of insulin
High Blood pressure
Infections in gum, skin, vagina or bladders

Causes of Diabetes:

Diabetes is judged by the glucose level which depends on our food intake and proper functioning of liver. When we eat food the sugar level is controlled by insulin secreted from pancreas. It lowers the sugar level in blood. The function of liver is that it stores and manufactures glucose and supplies as and when required, balancing the glucose level.

Some of the risk factors of diabetes are listed below:

Excess weight
Poor immune system that damages the insulin cells in pancreas
Inactivity, no physical work or exercise for a long time
Genetics
Environment conditions which may lead to type 2 diabetes
Long term, uncontrolled high blood pressure
In gestational diabetes, the placenta may produce hormones restricting insulin. Also, there is high risk of diabetes if a woman gives birth to a baby that weighs more than 4 kilos
A family history of diabetes increases the vulnerability to the disease
When people become old, they may become overweight due of lack of exercise which usually leads to type 2 diabetes
Irregular menstrual cycle
High cholesterol level
Excess of triglycerids in blood

Types of Diabetes:

Prediabetes: It indicates a sugar level that is higher than the normal level. It can be treated and brought to normal.This type of diabetes is found in old-aged people and may lead to type 2 diabetes.
Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: It indicates that the level of sugar is quite high and has to be treated through insulin and medications.
Gestational diabetes : Pregnant women have high chance of getting gestational diabetes due to placenta which hampers the production of insulin leading to type 2 diabetics

Treatment of Diabetes:

Proper monitoring of sugar level, intake of insulin and other medicines.
Proper diet, intake of all nutritious food items like fruits, vegetables, whole grains which are less in cholesterol and avoidance of sweets.
Proper and regular physical exercise
In extreme cases, the pancreas can be transplanted which may not be successful and may lead to serious risks

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Article submitted Thursday, February 16, 2012 & read 34 times.

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